6^th World Congress on Surgeons August 30-31, 2023 London, UK

The knowledge and duties associated with the preoperative, operative, and postoperative management of patients with a wide range of disorders, including those that may necessitate nonoperative, elective, or emergency surgical treatment, are centred on general surgery. General surgeons treat a wide range of illnesses, including those that affect the skin, breast, soft tissues, trauma, peripheral vascular surgery, hernias, and occasionally, endoscopic operations like gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Due to their wide breadth of expertise and requirement for proficiency in complicated decision-making, including operational intervention, general surgeons are particularly essential in remote or rural settings.

• Colorectal
• Endocrine
• Upper and lower gastrointestinal
• Transplant

Specialists in treating difficulties with the hard and soft tissues of the face, mouth, and jaws include oral and maxi oral surgeons. Experts in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of conditions affecting the facial complex and skeleton, including the jaws and oral cavity, are oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Oral and maxillofacial specialists are able to address diseases that call for knowledge in both medicine and dentistry because to modern training in both fields. Numerous common oral surgery problems, jaw and congenital face malformations, facial injuries, oral cancer, infections of the salivary glands, temporomandibular joint abnormalities, and various generous diseases are among them. Among dental professionals, oral and maxillofacial specialists stand out in a variety of ways.

• Misaligned jaws
• Impacted wisdom teeth
• Oral reconstructive surgery
• Cancers of the head and neck
• Dental implants

General surgeons are typically expected to focus on more than just the procedure; they are also in charge of the patient's pre- and post-operative care. Due to their extensive education, general surgeons frequently conduct a variety of surgical procedures. They mostly work with skin, breasts, soft tissue, and endoscopic procedures including gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Some general surgeons transfer for more advanced training, while others rely on this vast field due to interest.

• Breast, Skin and Soft Tissue
• Abdomen and its Contents
• Alimentary Tract

Ophthalmology surgeons, also known as ophthalmologists, are medical professionals with advanced training in both medicine and surgery, including everything from lens fitting and routine medical care to the most exacting, delicate surgical procedures. These professionals have received training in treating the complete eye, addressing visual issues, and offering surgical options for treating eye medical conditions. A future ophthalmologist should be aware that treating patients with infections that endanger eyesight is a common aspect of the field's practise. These patients frequently believe they are going blind, whether they do so accurately or incorrectly. For both the doctor and the patient, dealing with the possibility of visual deterioration or loss poses a unique problem that may be extremely stressful and distressing.

• Corneal surgery
• Glaucoma surgery
• Refractive surgery
• Laser surgery
• Eyelid and orbital surgery

Pediatric doctors care for kids from infancy to late adolescence. They have made it their mission to put paediatric care at the heart of their therapeutic practise, and they have acquired the particulars of paediatric therapeutic and surgical treatment via their advanced training and practical experience. A subspecialty of surgery called paediatric surgery deals with operating on foetuses, newborns, children, teenagers, and young adults. Pediatric surgery is the equivalent of a surgical specialty that deals with diseases, injuries, and deformities from the foetal period to adolescence and is defined by the patient's age rather than by a specific condition. Other specialties typically focus on a particular strategy or area of the body. These professionals adjust to the significant physiological differences between each age group, from newborns to nearly adults, as well as to the unique set of skills and professional attitudes required for working with kids and their families.

• Congenital anomalies
• Pediatric neurology
• Pediatric orthopedics
• Birth defects rectification
• Pediatric infectious disease treatment

The practise of having cosmetic surgery to enhance one's appearance is no longer just reserved for movie stars and other members of the entertainment industry. It has become open and honourable to exercise one's right to feel and look better. Through cosmetic surgery, one can enhance their physical appearance, which can lead to higher self-esteem, enhanced social interactions, and improved professional productivity. Common cosmetic surgery procedures include rhinoplasty (nose work), otoplasty, and the removal of birthmarks and scars (redress of conspicuous ears). Restorative procedures for the breasts include reduction, augmentation, and repositioning; abdominoplasty (tummy tuck); face-lift; liposuction; body sculpting; restorative procedures for the private parts; surgery to treat baldness (hair transplant); and blepharoplasty (rectification of loose eyelids).

• Skin rejuvenation
• Facial contouring
• Liposuction
• Rhinoplasty

Utilizing operative manual or instrumental tactics over casualties to treat situations like damage or diseases, and in rare instances, to enhance patients' actual circumstances, is a crucial component of surgical strategies. Preoperative care, surgical method, and postoperative care are the three words that best describe the entire surgical process. The notable expert, surgical partner, anesthesiologist, circulation nurse, and scrub nurse are all members of the surgical team.

• Staging for surgery
• Anesthesia
• Antiseptics

The main focus of neurosurgery is the prevention, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of any conditions affecting the sensory system, including the brain, spinal nerves, peripheral nerves, and the cerebrovascular system. The two broad categories of neurotrauma and various neuro-emergencies, such as cerebral haemorrhage, are included in general neurosurgery. There are some neurosurgical techniques that use utilitarian MRI and intra-operative MRI.

• Endoscopic Spine Surgery
• Vascular neurosurgery
• Interventional Neuroradiology
• Vascular neurosurgery

Gynecological surgery is a vast area that concentrates on all aspects of women's health, including gynaecology, foetal surgery, and oncology. Some of the crucial gynaecological surgical procedures are curettage, dilation, and cervical cryosurgery. The uterine lining is removed by the doctor using suction or a sharp curette during the operation known as dilation and curettage.

• Tuboplasty
• Endometrial ablation
• Hysterectomy

Cardiology surgeons perform surgery on the heart, often known as cardiac surgery or cardiovascular surgery. It is frequently used to treat endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis, as well as the consequences of ischemic heart disease, congenital heart disease, and valvular heart disease. Additionally, heart transplants are part of it. Cardiac surgery has been identified as a dying speciality, with the field's spectacular rise being eclipsed by its impending decline. The scene is evolving away from open surgery and toward interventional procedures, which are already dominated by different specialisations.

• Arrythemia treatment
• Coronary artery bypass grafting
• Chest wall and pectus defory and treatment
• Trans myocardial laser revascularization

The reality of surgical nursing is crucial to the accomplishment of the operation. The pre- and post-operative care is handled by a surgical nurse, also referred to as a scrub nurse or theatre nurse. The surgical nurse will support patients, surgeons, surgical technicians, nurse anaesthetists, and other medical professionals at various points throughout the surgery. General surgery, vascular surgery, colon-rectal surgery, and orthopaedic surgery are just a few of the surgical specialties that surgical nurses may practise in.

• Assisting in surgery
• Pediatric surgical and trauma nursing
• Pre and post-operative care

The surgical treatments used in treating traumatic injuries, particularly in the acute cases, are both surgical and non-surgical in trauma care surgical facilities. To assist the victims in an emergency, a team typically consists of a trauma care surgeon, nurses, and support personnel, such as a doctor.

• Radiology in trauma
• Psychological trauma
• Reconstructive Burn Surgery